Sawed-off shotguns were also in use and the personal arsenal was usually completed with Bowie knives and tomahawks for hand-to-hand fighting. Jesse, at sixteen, later joined Andersons band when Frank was still riding with Bloody Bill. [citation needed], Quantrill's actions remain controversial. I then came back to him, where he told me who he was, Langford added. In an article published Friday, October 11, 1907, the newspaper states, Here in Gentry County, some five or six miles from Albany, resides a man in the person of John Langford who has the distinction of having shot the guerrilla. Some, like Lil Archie Clements, were unable to obtain favorable conditions and thus remained underarms. The weapon of choice was the .36 caliber Navy Colt, favored over the heavier Army Colt. Among the dead was Josephine Anderson, the sister of one of Quantrill's key guerrilla allies, Bill Anderson. The police were unable to solve the murder. [22] He was brought by wagon to Louisville, Kentucky, and taken to the military prison hospital, on the north side of Broadway at 10th Street. Although he doesnt talk much about it. Andersons biggest objection to Quantrill was that he wasnt intent on killing enough Unionists. Nevertheless, the police strongly urged him to leave Mendota. Im here for revenge, said Anderson, and I have got it.. Cox put Bloody Bills body on display in Richmond Missouri. General Jo Shelby, a Missourian and one of the Confederacys best fighting generals, held a low opinion of the guerrillas: They are Confederate soldiers in nothing save the name No organization, no concentration, no discipline, no law, no anything. Bloody Bill even denied the name part, stating: I am a guerrilla. Showing in galleries and special shows around the country. LitCharts Teacher Editions. William Quantrill first came to Kansas in 1859 at age 22. Matthew Christopher Hulbert, "The Rise and Fall of Edwin Terrell, Guerrilla Hunter, U.S.A.", Shadow of the Outlaw: Quantrill's Initiation, "The Plot to Assassinate President Johnson" (1959, Accessed on 09-08-2009 Three Years With Quantrill, In Kansas, Confederate guerrillas attack and burn Shawneetown for the second time, Civil War raid on Lamar to be re-enacted for 150th anniversary, A hard history lesson: A Civil War Tragedy details 1864 lynching of Collin County judge, sheriff and sheriffs brother-in-law, "Replica Head of Confederate Raider Quantrill", "The Great Quantrill - Crocker Mystery in Augusta, Arkansas", Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography, Official website for the Family of Frank & Jesse James: Stray Leaves, A James Family in America Since 1650, Guerrilla raiders in an 1862 Harper's Weekly story, with illustration, Quantrill's Guerrillas Members In The Civil War, Quantrill flag at Kansas Museum of History, Charles W. Quantrell: A True Report of his Guerrilla Warfare on the Missouri and Kansas Border, List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials, List of memorials to the Grand Army of the Republic, Confederate artworks in the United States Capitol, List of Confederate monuments and memorials, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials. Most of the Union prisoners begged for their lives. He had moved from Georgia to the old Indian Territory in 1838. "A 'Fiend in Human Shape?' I suggest you fortify yours if you hope to be of any use to us. Sharp claimed that he had survived the ambush in Kentucky but received a bayonet and bullet wound, making his way to South America where he lived some years in Chile. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Other members of the bandincluding Frank James and Cole Youngers brother, Jimdispersed. Quantrill's last battle occurred in a pasture and wooded draw and barn lot near Taylorville in Spencer County, Kentucky, on May 10, 1865. These men went on to epitomize the lawlessness of the Wild West and their post-war violence has been both glorified and villainized in popular culture ever since. The shirt indicated the relationship the wearer had with its creator, mother, wife, sister, or girlfriend and was a symbol of the important role women played in sustaining the guerrillas and nursing their wounds. William Clarke Quantrill and his Biographers", This page was last edited on 26 April 2023, at 23:19. He is depicted in Robert Schenkkan's series of one-act plays, Quantrill's Lawrence Massacre of 1863 is depicted in. Familiar faces at these events included Cole Younger, Frank James, and John Noland, Quantrills loyal Black-American scout. Bills grey mare was found adorned with Union scalps. During a tumultuous winter in Texas, the group divided into bands, each commanded by a lieutenant such as George Todd and Bloody Bill Anderson. He continued to claim that he was Captain Clarke of the 4th Missouri Cavalry, knowing he would be executed if his earlier confession was discovered. Unknown to Johnston, many more guerrillas lay in wait in the woods. In August 1907, news articles appeared in Canada and the US that claimed that J.E. In one of the war's great atrocities, Quantrill and his men burned. When the slaughter ended the guerrillas headed into Centralia to finish off the rest of Johnstons command. Terrells band consisted of about twenty men, and was organized for the express purpose of driving Quantrill from Kentucky. His letter also confirms Terrells reputation. Jennisons Jayhawkers later became enraged when they saw his grave in Richmond covered in flowers. Battles & Tribes, American Revolution I am trying to get action. Frank James later claimed his brother Jesse was the one to kill Major Johnston, but this is questionable Jesse may not have even been there. An earlier letter penned by Langford to Scott on September 8, 1888, from Clarinda, Iowa, is now in the possession of The Filson Historical Society and University of Kentucky Libraries, providing an eyewitness sketch of the last battle of William Clarke Quantrill. All the passengers were robbed and some murdered except for 25 unarmed Union soldiers. Their favorite long-arm was the breech-loading 1859 Sharps rifle, easy to handle on horseback, especially in its carbine version. In his teens, Quantrill had short-term stints of employment as a teacher in Ohio, Illinois, and later, in Kansas. Because I would not fight the people of Missouri, my native State, the Yankees sought my life but failed to get me. When Todd died in 1864, Poole took over his command. As with any larger-than-life historical figure, Quantrills story proves difficult, perhaps impossible, to determine where fact ends and legend begins. Only later, in the 1850s, did settlers from northern states such as Ohio migrate to the fertile, well-watered forests and prairies, armed with their convictions. John Langford was born May 15, 1836, in Anderson County, Kentucky, and was a member of Company B, 15th Kentucky Infantry, the band of scouts who pursued Quantrills band. ), 1995, Sutherland, Daniel E.: A Savage Conflict: The Decisive Role of Guerrillas in the American Civil War, Chapel Hill N.C., 2009, Thomas D. Thiessen, Douglas D. Scott and Steven J. Dasovich: This Work of Fiends: Historical and Archaeological Perspectives on the Confederate Guerrilla Actions at Centralia, Missouri, September 27, 1864, Lincoln Nebraska, March 2008, https://www.scribd.com/doc/267011623/doug-scott-report?secret_password=JA9mGQDVbs3Yvzd6ENoX#fullscreen&from_embed, Wood, Larry: The Civil War Story of Bloody Bill Anderson, Fort Worth, Texas, 2003, Younger, Thomas Coleman: The Story of Cole Younger by Himself, Provo Utah, 1903, CREDIT: Andrew McGregor https://www.aberfoylesecurity.com, Age of Discovery The edict ordered the depopulation of three and a half Missouri counties along the Kansas border with the exception of a few designated towns, which forced tens of thousands of civilians to abandon their homes. He lived for another two years in great pain from his wound before dying on December 13, 1868. Contact between Langford and Quantrills mother was handled by W. W. Scott, one of Quantrills boyhood friends. At least three of the raiders died during the same assault at which Quantrill was mortally wounded. Updated on January 08, 2020. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. He worked for us. It was also the home of James H. Lane, a senator known in Missouri for his staunch opposition to slavery and as a leader of the Jayhawkers. William Clarke Quantrill was born at Canal Dover, Ohio, on July 31, 1837, the eldest of eight children. [20], In Texas, on May 18, 1864, Quantrill's sympathizers lynched Collin County Sheriff Captain James L. Read for shooting the Calhoun Brothers from Quantrill's force who had killed a farmer in Millwood, Texas.[21]. The guerrillas swore revenge and took it on September 27, 1864, at the Missouri town of Centralia. By the time the war started, Missouris pro-rebel guerrillas were known as Bushwackers, while their pro-Federal counterparts in Kansas were known as Jayhawkers or Redlegs from their preference for red pants as a type of uniform. But public opinion had turned against the raiders. His father, a high school principal, was less supportive. Accused of having lost his sand, Quantrill took a small nucleus of about forty loyal bushwhackers and headed east toward Kentucky. Bloody Bill, the guerrillas, and the bloodshed along the Missouri Kansas border all became fodder for novels and films in the 20th century. As a result, Todd became a captain and Anderson a lieutenant, but these ranks existed only within the unit and do not appear to have ever been commissioned officially by the CSA. They were replaced in January 1864 by the Second Colorado Cavalry which, unlike the Jayhawkers, were eager to come to grips with the guerrillas rather than just civilians. Chapter 7 Quotes Nodaway County author Homer Croy wrote of Quantrill, Because of Quantrill, widows wailed, orphans cried, maidens wept. Croy was echoing the sentiment of William Elsey Connelley, author of the 1909 book Quantrill and the Border Wars, in his introduction to the 1956 Civil War Book Club edition of Connelleys book. "I have lapped filthy water from a hoofprint and was glad to have it," he brags, and Rooster makes fun of him for the comment, saying that all Texans claim they've drunk from a hoofprint. His name is Tom Chaney. Perhaps showing some detachment from reality, Bloody Bill rode up to Price and Governor Reynolds with scalps hanging from his saddle. It looks like we don't have any Quotes for this title yet. During this time, Quantrill helped support the family by continuing to work as a schoolteacher, but he left home a year later and headed to Mendota, Illinois. [9], In the last days of September, Quantrill deserted General Price's army and went home to Blue Springs, Missouri, to form his own "army" of loyal men who had great belief in him and the Confederate cause, and they came to be known as "Quantrill's Raiders". While some guerrillas attempted to start new lives, others had developed a taste for theft and butchery that could not be sated in peace-time. Bill gave Price a stolen set of fine pistols, which the General accepted. Though he was described by various sources as being crude, illiterate, hot-tempered, callously brutal, a deadly shot, and uncontrollable when drunk, his personal bravery and thirst for action were unquestionable. morning, April 9th of tuberculosis of the bone, lamented yet another article in the The Albany Ledger, on Friday, April 15, 1910. When not wearing Union blue, the well-dressed guerrilla sported a slouch hat with a jaunty feather or squirrel tail, knee-high riding boots, and the ubiquitous guerrilla shirt. Like the guerrillas long hair, the durable pullover shirt with its large pockets was borrowing from the Great Plains hunters, who in turn had borrowed much of their style from the native Indians. Unlike other border states to the east, guerrilla fighting, ambushes, raids, skirmishes, massacres, and atrocities of personal revenge between proslavery and abolitionist forces pitted neighbor against neighbor and defined the region. If we assess their significance in the conduct and the outcome of the war, the best we can say is that they drew off large numbers of troops that might have been used elsewhere. Coming in range, fire was opened and yells set up to terrify the Missourians.. With Anderson and Quantrill parting company before leaving Texas, Todd took command of the larger remaining splinter group. John Langford appeared to be a cautious man. Quantrill was born in Ohio in 1837. Even the remains of the troubled young warrior, William Clarke Quantrill, have found little peace in death. Both Baxter and his 16-year-old brother-in-law were wounded by the Andersons, who then locked them in the cellar of their house and set it on fire. Many guerrilla leaders, like Quantrill, Anderson, and Todd, did not survive the war to give their own views and recorded nothing of consequence when alive (other than Andersons three letters to newspapers). Andersons group performed well, cutting telegraph lines and striking the Union supply lines. Showing search results for "William Quantrill" sorted by relevance. Castel Albert: Quantrills Bushwackers: A Case Study in Guerrilla Warfare, Winning and Losing in the Civil War: Essays and Stories (Columbia, University of South Carolina Press, 1996), pp. Quantrill's mother had to turn her home into a boarding house in order to survive. A dispute arose over the claim, and he went to court with Torrey and Beeson. [26], During the war, Quantrill met the 13-year-old Sarah Katherine King at her parents' farm in Blue Springs, Missouri. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. Within some weeks after the news stories were published, two men came to British Columbia, travelling to Quatsino from Victoria, leaving Quatsino on a return voyage of a coastal steamer the next day. As the foregoing ballad suggests there were those who regarded Quantrill as a hero and the burning of Lawrence as a good thing. On August 14, the building collapsed, killing four young women and seriously injuring others. But Quantrill's activities indicated that he fought for plunder and personal revenge rather . I aim to see him shot or hanged." "Yes, yes, well might you labor to that end," said Stonehill. In 1860, he joined a group of free-state activists, jayhawkers in Kansas, switching over later to lead a band of pro- Confederate guerrillas in Missouri to kill and maim Union soldiers and pro-North citizens. The James Brothers, needless to say, used the skills they acquired as bushwackers to become two of the most famous American outlaws in the post-war period. He then took up with brigands and turned to cattle rustling and anything else that could earn him money. During the caravan, Quantrill was heavily guarded but treated with respect. Quantrill is known for his violent ways, as he led his men in the infamous Lawrence Massacre of 1863, in which he and his men killed roughly 200 civilians. William Clarke Quantrill was a Civil War guerrilla leader along the western border of Missouri and Kansas. They never married, although she often visited and lived in camp with Quantrill and his men. He orchestrated a raid into Missouri to liberate some slaves. But more than likely, Quantrill planned to link up with General Robert E. Lees army, believing that the men would be considered Southern soldiers and would be pardoned with the coming end of the war in Virginia. Clements, however, returned to town to have a drink with a friend. Despite their gain in notoriety and expansion in numbers, accompanied by increasing expertise in the American Indian style of guerrilla fighting, the group was considered undisciplined and dangerous. It was the first public sign of the combination of vicious anger and callous regard for life that would characterize his short career as a guerrilla leader. It should be noted that much of our knowledge of the guerrillas and their methods of warfare is based on memoirs and interviews provided by the guerrilla veterans. In May 1862, Bill and Jim took revenge on a man named Baxter who had killed their father in a dispute. Seeing his target go down, Langford turned to assist the other soldiers of the Kentucky regiment. Union counter-measures included the death penalty for interfering with the railroads. Some historians have suggested that Quantrill had actually planned to raid Lawrence before the building's collapse, in retaliation for earlier Jayhawker attacks[17][pageneeded] as well as the burning of Osceola, Missouri. By 1864 most of the older guerrillas who fought for the Confederacy had died, gone home, or joined the regular Confederate army. A man of action, it was said that Quantrill planned, but Todd executed. The Kansas City Journal proposed that the bushwackers should be decently treated, decently tried, decently convicted and decently hung.. His parents were Thomas Henry and Caroline Cornelia (Clarke) Quantrill. Quantrill continued his career as a teacher, moving to Fort Wayne, Indiana, in February 1856. The next year, their first child was born and they named her Katie Scarlett, Margaret Mitchell We endure hard times by the power of God. Anderson, typically, decided direct action was appropriate. Quantrills executioner met a much more peaceful end, much later in life. The terrified men scrambled wildly for their horses, Connelley wrote, adding that those who were fortunate enough to mount, fled in a mad route. Sleeping in the barn loft, Quantrill was unable to secure his gun-shy mount and pursued his men on foot. In May 1863 the brothers discovered their family home was nothing more than charred ruins, courtesy of the Kansas Jayhawkers. The Navy Colt was lighter than the Army Colt and thus preferable to men trying to carry as many as three to six at a time, which provided them with enormous firepower in battle. Listen carefully to instructions and never expect to be told anything a second time. Kansas Raiders is a 1950 Technicolor Western film distributed by Universal-International, directed by Ray Enright, and stars Audie Murphy, Brian Donlevy, Marguerite Chapman, and Scott Brady. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Later in 1862, John Jarrett, John Brown (not to be confused with the abolitionist John Brown), Cole Younger, William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson, and the James brothers would join Quantrill's army. However, most of the soldiers fighting the guerrillas were young, inexperienced conscripts of the Missouri militia. A school teacher from Ohio, Quantrill became one of the most notorious figures of the US Civil War. Quantrill then joined a group of Missouri ruffians and became somewhat of a drifter. After a local request, the US government provided a new headstone for Andersons grave in 1969. According to Langfords letter, as the Terrell scouting party approached the Wakefield farm that May day in 1865, the Quantrill gang stampeded just as the scouts reached the fence around the barn. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Although they mistrusted the 19-year-old William, his mother's pleadings persuaded them to let her son accompany them in an effort to get him to turn his life around. As a joke, Clements, Poole and 25 heavily-armed former bushwackers rode into Lexington in military formation to report for militia duty. A boyhood friend of Quantrill, the newspaper reporter William W. Scott, claimed to have dug up the Louisville grave in 1887 and to have brought Quantrill's remains back to Dover at the request of Quantrill's mother. The group helped protect Missouri farmers from the Jayhawkers for pay and slept wherever they could find lodging. Quantrill was born in Ohio on July 31, 1837. It is set during the American Civil War and involves Jesse more . Terrells scouts were on the pike just over the hill from the Wakefield farm, across the pasture from a blacksmith shop, when they received the report of a body of horsemen nearby. As for Quantrill, he was captured after being badly wounded and died in prison in June 1865. A further order forcing the conscription of all able-bodied men into Union militias convinced many young men in Missouri to join the guerrillas instead. He delighted in taking scalps and slitting throats. The final death toll was three guerrillas to at least 116 Union dead. In the Fall of 1862, Bill and Jim ran afoul of guerrilla leader William Quantrill, who took their horses as punishment for robbing Southern sympathizers as well as pro-Unionists. William C. Quantrill, in full William Clarke Quantrill, pseudonym Charley Hart, (born July 31, 1837, Canal Dover, Ohio, U.S.died June 6, 1865, Louisville, Ky.), captain of a guerrilla band irregularly attached to the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, notorious for the sacking of the free-state stronghold of Lawrence, Kan. (Aug. 21, Quantrill is known for his violent ways, as he led his men in the infamous read analysis of William Quantrill Frank James Abraham Lincoln Quotes Albert Einstein Quotes Bill Gates Quotes Bob Marley Quotes Bruce Lee Quotes Buddha Quotes Confucius Quotes John F. Kennedy Quotes John Lennon Quotes Mahatma Gandhi Quotes Marilyn Monroe Quotes Mark Twain Quotes. " [He] was always a good boy. Did they enjoy the fear they saw in their victims eyes? Hundreds of people lined up to see it. It was a pro-Confederate partisan ranger outfit that was best known for its often brutal guerrilla tactics. The guerrilla leader was carried to Wakefields farmhouse, paralyzed below the arms from gunshot damage to the spine. He always divided his pay with me. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character William Quantrill appears in, he says, Report has it that he rode by the light of the moon with, Eventually, Rooster lets it slip that he fought with Captain, which is a Wild West spectacle including Cole Younger and Frank James. In the Kansas City region, the name is largely associated with William Clarke Quantrill, the infamous Missouri guerrilla who fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War and led a violent raid on the Unionist town of Lawrence, Kansas, on August 21, 1863.. Citizens on the front lines of the bloody Missouri-Kansas border war viewed Quantrill very differently. The residents of Lawrence, Kansas, would never forget what happened on August 21, 1863, if indeed they were lucky enough to survive. The remains were eventually gathered and placed in a shallow grave. Terrell was a bad man, Langford wrote. With perhaps a bit of trepidation still in his heart, he delayed releasing much information locally except to family and close friends. On June 6, 1865, some twenty-seven days after he was wounded, Quantrill died. These old-timers had all fought together in the border strife under Quantrills black standard, and afterward led dangerous lives, and now this was all they were fit for, to show themselves to the public like strange wild beasts of the jungle. Terrell provided wagon transportation to a military hospital and prison in Louisville. Quantrill journeyed back home to Canal Dover that fall. QUOTES. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one: ). Angered by incidents of scalping by Kansas Jayhawkers, the guerrillas took it up themselves in the summer of 1864.
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